Clinical

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a type of heart disease that affects the coronary arteries. These are arteries that supply blood to the heart. CAD is usually caused by atherosclerosis...

Coronary angiography, also called coronary angiogram, is a test used to see how the blood flows near the heart. It can be used to diagnose heart problems like coronary artery...

Post-thrombotic syndrome is a possible complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In DVT, a blood clot forms in one of the veins found deep in the body, usually in the...

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a severe form of peripheral artery disease (PAD). In people with PAD, the arteries that supply blood to their limbs become narrow. This makes it...

A stroke is a serious medical event that impacts the brain. Getting medical attention quickly for stroke can lower the risk of complications. If you suspect someone is having a...

Cardiac catheterization is a medical procedure. It can be used to diagnose or treat heart problems. It is also known as heart catheterization, heart cath, or cardiac cath. Cardiac catheterization...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is when a blood clot forms inside your veins. Blood clots are gel-like clumps of blood. They usually form after an injury to help stop bleeding. If...

Sometimes, emotional or stressful situations can damage the heart. This condition is called broken heart syndrome, or takotsubo cardiomyopathy. You may have heard its most extreme form referred to as...

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is when blood flow to the lungs is blocked. This can result in damage to the parts of the lungs that do not get enough blood flow...

Cholesterol is a type of fat (lipid). It is produced by the liver. It has many important functions such as digesting food and making hormones. But, if the amount of...

Pregnancy causes many changes in the body, all of which put enormous strain on a body already living with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Doctors recommend that people with PH avoid getting...

Cardiomyopathy is a group of disorders that affect the heart muscle. It can make the heart muscle become thicker or grow larger. It is a common cause of heart problems...

Pulmonary rehabilitation is a specialized type of therapy. The word “pulmonary” has to do with your lungs. Pulmonary rehabilitation or rehab is meant to help you breathe better. It can...

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is the most common type of arrhythmia (abnormal heartbeat). In AFib, very fast and irregular beats happen in the upper heart chambers. The atria may beat more...

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a heart condition in which the heartbeat becomes too fast or irregular. AFib can lead to stroke, so doctors try to treat it as quickly as...

When your heart has an irregular heartbeat, the condition is called arrhythmia (uh-RITH-me-uh). It may mean that your heart is beating too fast, too slowly, or a combination of the...

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a condition in which the heart loses its regular rhythm and beats too fast. It is a type of arrhythmia (uh-RITH-me-uh). Other types of arrhythmia make...

Drugs that control heart rate or rhythm are called antiarrhythmics. They can prevent or treat a fast or irregular heart rate (arrhythmia). These drugs block fast or irregular electrical signals...

An arrhythmia is an abnormal heartbeat. This includes heartbeats that are too slow, too fast, or irregular. Arrhythmias happen when electrical signals in the heart do not work properly. A...

Aortic valve replacement is a type of surgery that replaces a damaged or diseased aortic valve with a mechanical or tissue valve. Aortic valve replacement is the most common surgery...