How Is Severe Hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) Treated?

Triglycerides are a type of fat found in your blood. Your body uses them for energy. However, having too much of this fat can cause health problems. Severe hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) is a condition where triglyceride levels are very high. This usually means a level of 500 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or higher.^1,2

Many factors can cause triglyceride levels to become very high. Some people develop sHTG because of their genes. Others may have it because of health habits or other medical conditions. It is important to know your numbers. A simple blood test can show your triglyceride levels.^1,2

People with sHTG have a higher risk of heart disease. They also have a risk of pancreatitis. Pancreatitis is a painful swelling of the pancreas. This organ helps you digest food and control blood sugar. Managing sHTG is important to stay healthy and avoid these issues.^1,2

Managing underlying causes

Sometimes, high triglycerides are caused by other health issues. Treating these issues can help lower your levels. Some potential causes of sHTG can include:^1-3

• Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes – High blood sugar can raise fat levels.
• Hypothyroidism – This is an underactive thyroid gland.
• Kidney or liver disease – These organs help process fats in the body.
• Certain medicines – Some drugs, such as corticosteroids, beta blockers, and birth control, can raise triglycerides.

Talk to your doctor about your health history. They can check if another condition is causing your sHTG. Managing these "root causes" is often the first step in treatment.

Lifestyle changes for sHTG

Lifestyle habits play a big role in managing sHTG. Small changes can make a big difference in your numbers.^1,2

Choose healthy fats

Avoid trans fats and saturated fats. These are often found in fried foods and butter. Instead, choose healthy fats like those in olive oil or fish. Omega-3 fatty acids are especially helpful for lowering triglycerides.^1,2

Watch your sugar and carb intake

Sugar and refined grains can quickly turn into triglycerides. This includes white bread, pasta, and sugary drinks. Try to eat more fiber. Whole grains and vegetables are good choices.^1,2

Stay active

Physical activity helps your body use up triglycerides for energy. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days. Walking, swimming, or cycling are all great options. Strength training to help build muscle is also a key part of staying active and healthy.^1,2

Limit alcohol

Alcohol is high in sugar and calories. Even small amounts can raise triglyceride levels a lot in some people. If your levels are very high, it might be best to avoid alcohol.^1,2

Medications for sHTG

If lifestyle changes are not enough, your doctor may prescribe medicine. These drugs help lower fat levels in different ways.^1-3

• Statins – While mostly used for cholesterol, they can also lower triglycerides.
• Fibrates – These drugs lower the amount of fat the liver makes. They also help the body clear fats from the blood.
• Prescription omega-3 fatty acids – Prescription-strength fish oil can lower very high levels. These are stronger than the supplements you find in stores.
• APOC3 inhibitors – These medicines target a specific protein in the body called APOC3. This protein usually stops the body from breaking down triglycerides. By blocking this protein, these new medicines help the body clear fat much faster. APOC3 inhibitors are typically used for sHTG when other treatment methods have not worked.

Before beginning treatment for sHTG, tell your doctor about all your health conditions. Tell them about any other drugs, vitamins, or supplements you are taking. This includes over-the-counter drugs. Always take your medicine as your doctor tells you. Do not skip doses. If you have side effects, tell your healthcare team right away.

sHTG is a treatable condition

Severe hypertriglyceridemia is a serious but manageable condition. You can lower your risk of heart problems and pancreatitis. Focus on eating healthy foods and staying active. Work with your doctor to manage other health issues like diabetes. If you need medicine, take it exactly as prescribed. These steps will help you live a healthier life.^1-3